Knowra International broadcasting International broadcasting International broadcasting is radio, television, or digital programming transmitted across national borders. It serves audiences abroad through state, public, commercial, and other broadcasters.
Shortwave radio : Radio transmission using high-frequency signals that can travel beyond the horizon by reflecting from the ionosphere. Its long-distance propagation once made it a principal way to reach listeners across continents.
BBC World Service : The BBC's international radio and digital service, established as the BBC Empire Service in 1932. Its launch marked the creation of a major British service aimed at audiences beyond the United Kingdom.
John Reith : The first director-general of the BBC, who shaped its early public-service principles. His institutional vision influenced the BBC's approach as it began broadcasting to audiences abroad.
Public diplomacy : A government's communication and engagement with foreign publics to advance its interests and relationships. International broadcasters can explain a country's policies and cultivate relationships overseas.
Public broadcasting : Broadcasting organized to serve the public interest, commonly through public funding, a public mandate, or both. Many international services are public broadcasters, but their overseas mandates differ from domestic public service.
Satellite television : Television distribution in which satellites relay signals to receivers on Earth. Satellites carry international channels across borders without relying on terrestrial transmitters in each country.
Radio Moscow : The Soviet Union's state international radio service, which broadcast abroad in numerous languages. It became a prominent instrument of Soviet communication with foreign publics.
Edward R. Murrow : An American journalist and broadcaster who led the United States Information Agency from 1961 to 1964. He brought journalistic credibility and an emphasis on accurate reporting to US international broadcasting.
Propaganda : Communication designed to influence beliefs or behavior, often through selective or misleading presentation. Governments have used overseas broadcasts to shape foreign opinion and contest rival narratives.
State media : Media outlets owned, funded, or directly controlled by a government. State control distinguishes some international broadcasters from editorially independent public services.
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