Knowra International human rights law International human rights law International human rights law is the body of treaties, customary rules, and institutions that sets duties for states to respect, protect, and fulfill human rights.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights : A 1948 United Nations declaration that sets out a common catalogue of fundamental human rights. Its principles became the foundation for later global human-rights treaties.
Human rights treaty bodies : Committees of independent experts that monitor states' implementation of human-rights treaties. They review reports and, under some treaties, consider individual complaints.
International humanitarian law : Rules governing conduct during armed conflict and protecting people affected by it. It applies during armed conflict alongside human-rights law, with distinct rules and scope.
Domestic human rights law : National constitutional and statutory rules that protect rights within a state's legal system. It supplies local protections and remedies, while international law sets obligations between states and individuals.
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights : A United Nations treaty protecting civil and political rights, including life, liberty, and political participation. It turns many declaration rights into binding treaty obligations for its parties.
Universal Periodic Review : A United Nations process that reviews the human-rights records of all member states. It subjects every UN member state's record to peer review.
International refugee law : International rules protecting refugees and defining states' obligations toward them. It gives specific protection to people fleeing persecution and other qualifying dangers.
International criminal law : International rules defining individual criminal responsibility for crimes such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. It prosecutes individuals for crimes rather than primarily determining state compliance with rights duties.
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights : A United Nations treaty protecting rights related to work, education, health, and an adequate standard of living. It establishes state duties concerning economic, social, and cultural rights.
Individual complaint mechanism : A procedure allowing individuals to submit alleged human-rights violations to an authorized international body. It can provide international review when a treaty grants the body that competence.
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