Interval training

Interval training alternates bouts of intense exercise with periods of lower-intensity activity or rest. It varies the length and intensity of both phases to develop fitness.

High-intensity interval training: Interval training built around repeated vigorous efforts separated by recovery periods. It is a prominent form that uses hard efforts to create a substantial cardiovascular training stimulus.
Fartlek: A form of running training that varies pace and effort, often in response to terrain or landmarks. It applies interval-like changes of pace in a less rigid structure than timed repetitions.
Continuous training: Exercise performed steadily for an extended period without planned work-and-recovery intervals. It distributes effort continuously rather than alternating hard bouts and recovery.
Waldemar Gerschler: A German athletics coach associated with systematic interval training in the mid-twentieth century. His training approach helped establish structured repetitions and recovery as a coaching method.
Aerobic capacity: The body's ability to take in, transport, and use oxygen during sustained physical activity. Interval programs can improve the oxygen-processing capacity used in endurance exercise.
Sprint interval training: A form of interval training using very short, near-maximal or maximal efforts with recovery between them. Its brief all-out bouts illustrate how intensity and recovery can be configured at the extreme.
Tabata training: A specific protocol of repeated 20-second high-intensity efforts and 10-second rests, originally studied on cycle ergometers. This named protocol is a tightly specified interval format often used in fitness classes.
Steady-state exercise: Exercise performed at a relatively constant intensity after the body's responses have stabilized. Its sustained pace contrasts with the changing demands of interval sessions.
Herbert Reindell: A German physician who collaborated with Waldemar Gerschler on interval training and its physiological study. His medical research helped explain the bodily responses behind Gerschler's training system.
Exercise recovery: The processes through which the body returns toward baseline and adapts after physical exertion. Recovery between sessions affects whether repeated hard training supports adaptation or accumulates fatigue.

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