Intestinal obstruction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage that prevents normal passage of intestinal contents. It can result from a physical barrier or impaired intestinal movement.

Small bowel obstruction: A blockage that impairs the passage of contents through the small intestine. This common form often causes vomiting and can arise from adhesions or hernias.
Abdominal radiography: Imaging of the abdomen using X-rays to assess organs and structures. Dilated bowel loops and air-fluid levels can suggest an obstruction.
Small intestine: The digestive tract segment between the stomach and large intestine, where most nutrient absorption occurs. Obstruction here disrupts the passage and absorption of digested material.
Dehydration: A harmful deficit of water in the body. Vomiting and fluid trapped in the bowel can rapidly deplete body fluids.
Large bowel obstruction: A blockage that impairs the passage of contents through the colon or rectum. Its slower progression and causes differ from obstruction of the small intestine.
Computed tomography: An imaging method that uses X-rays and computer processing to create cross-sectional images. CT can locate a blockage, identify its cause, and reveal complications.
Large intestine: The digestive tract segment that absorbs water and forms stool before elimination. A blockage here impedes stool passage and can distend the colon.
Electrolyte imbalance: An abnormal concentration of minerals carrying electrical charge in body fluids. Fluid loss and vomiting can disturb electrolytes during obstruction.
Intestinal adhesions: Bands of scar tissue that can form between abdominal tissues and organs. Adhesions after surgery are a leading cause of small bowel obstruction.
Nasogastric intubation: Placement of a tube through the nose into the stomach for drainage or other purposes. Decompression can relieve vomiting and pressure while some obstructions are treated.

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