Iranian reform movement

The Iranian reform movement is a political current seeking greater civil liberties and changes within the Islamic Republic’s institutions through gradual political and legal reform.

Iranian Revolution: The 1979 revolution that ended the Pahlavi monarchy and established the Islamic Republic of Iran. The movement seeks change within institutions created by the revolution, rather than their overthrow.
President of Iran: The elected head of Iran’s executive branch, responsible for implementing laws and directing the government. Reformists have used the presidency to pursue policy changes and civil-liberties protections.
Mir-Hossein Mousavi: Iranian politician and former prime minister who became a leading opposition figure after the 2009 election. His presidential campaign brought reformist supporters together before the Green Movement.
Iranian principlists: Iranian political factions that emphasize loyalty to the Islamic Republic’s revolutionary and religious principles. Principlists generally oppose reforms they see as weakening the system’s ideological foundations.
Mohammad Khatami: Iranian reformist cleric who served as president from 1997 to 2005. His 1997 election gave the movement its first major national mandate.
Iranian Parliament: Iran’s elected legislature, formally called the Islamic Consultative Assembly or Majles. Reformist lawmakers have sought to change laws through this institution.
Mehdi Karroubi: Iranian cleric and politician who ran for president in 2005 and 2009 and challenged the latter election’s result. His candidacies and protests linked reformist politics to clerical leadership.
Iranian monarchism: A political movement seeking the restoration of monarchy in Iran, often under the Pahlavi dynasty. Unlike reformists, monarchists seek a political order outside the Islamic Republic.
2nd of Khordad Movement: The political coalition and reformist current associated with Mohammad Khatami’s 1997 presidential victory. The name captures the movement’s electoral breakthrough and early coalition.
Guardian Council: An Iranian constitutional body that vets legislation and candidates for elected office. Its reviews can block reformist bills and restrict access to elections.

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