Iron(III) citrate

Iron(III) citrate is a family of coordination compounds in which citrate ions bind ferric ions. Their compositions and structures vary with conditions, including pH and concentration.

Citric acid: Citric acid is a triprotic organic acid found in citrus fruits and widely used in metabolism and industry. Its deprotonated form supplies the citrate ligands that bind ferric ions.
Coordination chemistry: Coordination chemistry studies compounds formed between metal centers and molecules or ions that donate electron pairs. It describes the bonding principles behind iron–citrate complexes.
Ferric carboxymaltose: Ferric carboxymaltose is an intravenous iron–carbohydrate complex used to treat iron deficiency. It is a clinically used ferric formulation with a different ligand system from citrate.
Iron(II) citrate: Iron(II) citrate comprises coordination compounds in which citrate binds ferrous ions. Its iron oxidation state differs from the ferric centers defining this concept.
Citrate: Citrate is the multiply deprotonated form of citric acid, with three carboxylate groups and one hydroxyl group. Its oxygen-containing groups coordinate iron and give the compounds their structural variability.
Ferric hydrolysis: Ferric hydrolysis is the reaction of aqueous iron(III) ions with water, producing hydroxo species and protons. Hydrolysis competes with citrate binding as solution pH changes.
Iron supplements: Iron supplements are preparations that provide iron to prevent or treat iron deficiency. Some formulations use ferric citrate as an orally administered iron source.
Iron(III) oxalate: Iron(III) oxalate comprises ferric coordination compounds with oxalate ligands. Oxalate offers a smaller dicarboxylate ligand for comparison with citrate.
Iron(III): Iron(III) is the +3 oxidation state of iron, common in ferric salts and coordination compounds. Ferric ions are the metal centers coordinated by citrate.
Formation constant: A formation constant quantifies the equilibrium favoring a coordination complex over its free metal ions and ligands. It expresses how strongly particular iron–citrate species form under specified conditions.

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Ammonium ferric citrateRelated: It shares the iron–citrate core but does not specify ammonium as the accompanying ion.