Iskra

Iskra was a Russian Marxist newspaper founded in 1900 to unite revolutionary socialist groups and promote a centralized party.

Vladimir Lenin: Vladimir Lenin was a Russian revolutionary who led the Bolsheviks and later the Soviet government. He helped establish Iskra and shaped its argument for a disciplined revolutionary party.
What Is to Be Done?: What Is to Be Done? is Lenin's 1902 pamphlet on political organization and revolutionary strategy. It developed Iskra's case for a centralized organization of professional revolutionaries.
Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party: The Second Congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party met in 1903 and adopted a party program and rules. Its disputes over membership and leadership turned divisions among Iskra's supporters into a party split.
Economism: Economism was a tendency among Russian Marxists that prioritized workers' economic struggles over independent political agitation. Iskra opposed Economism, arguing that socialist organization must confront the autocracy politically.
Julius Martov: Julius Martov was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and a leading figure in the Menshevik faction. He worked on Iskra with Lenin before their political split.
Underground press: An underground press produces and circulates publications in defiance of state censorship or prohibition. Iskra depended on clandestine printing and circulation to reach activists inside Russia.
Bolsheviks: The Bolsheviks were the faction of Russian Marxists led by Lenin after the 1903 party split. Their organization grew from conflicts first sharpened within Iskra's editorial circle.
Rabochaya Mysl: Rabochaya Mysl was a Russian workers' newspaper associated with the Economists in the late 1890s. Its emphasis on workers' immediate economic struggles contrasted with Iskra's political program.
Georgi Plekhanov: Georgi Plekhanov was a Russian Marxist theorist who helped introduce Marxism to Russian political thought. His authority and editorial work anchored Iskra's early Marxist program.
Smuggling: Smuggling is the illegal movement of goods or people across a border or through a restricted area. Couriers carried Iskra's printed issues across borders and into the Russian Empire.

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