Isobar

An isobar is a nuclide with the same mass number as another nuclide but a different atomic number. Isobars therefore contain equal total numbers of protons and neutrons, but different numbers of each.

Nuclide: A species of atom defined by its numbers of protons and neutrons. An isobar is one relation between two nuclides.
Beta decay: Radioactive decay in which a nucleus emits an electron or positron, changing its proton number. It can convert a nuclide into a different isobar.
Isobaric analog state: An excited nuclear state with the same total isospin as a state in a neighboring nucleus. It links related nuclei with the same mass number.
Carbon-14: A radioactive carbon nuclide with six protons and eight neutrons. It beta-decays into nitrogen-14, an isobar.
Mass number: The total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus. Isobars share this number.
Electron capture: Radioactive decay in which a nucleus captures an inner electron, converting a proton into a neutron. It changes atomic number without changing mass number.
Isobaric analog resonance: A resonance associated with an isobaric analog state in a nuclear reaction. Its behavior probes relationships among nuclei in an isobaric chain.
Nitrogen-14: A stable nitrogen nuclide with seven protons and seven neutrons. It has the same mass number as carbon-14 but a different atomic number.
Atomic number: The number of protons in an atomic nucleus, which identifies the chemical element. Isobars differ in this number.
Alpha decay: Radioactive decay in which a nucleus emits a helium-4 nucleus, reducing its mass number by four. Unlike beta decay, it does not preserve mass number.

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