Isobutane

Isobutane, or 2-methylpropane, is a branched-chain alkane with formula C₄H₁₀. It is a colorless, flammable gas at room temperature.

Alkanes: Alkanes are hydrocarbons whose carbon atoms are connected only by single bonds. Isobutane is a saturated hydrocarbon and a member of this family.
Combustion: Combustion is a chemical reaction in which a fuel reacts with an oxidant, usually releasing heat and light. Isobutane burns in oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water under complete combustion.
Refrigerant: A refrigerant is a working fluid that transfers heat through evaporation and condensation in a refrigeration cycle. Isobutane serves as refrigerant R-600a in domestic refrigerators.
n-Butane: n-Butane is the unbranched four-carbon alkane with formula C₄H₁₀. It shares isobutane’s formula but has a straight carbon chain.
Butane: Butane is a four-carbon alkane with formula C₄H₁₀. Its straight-chain structure contrasts with isobutane’s branching.
Vapor pressure: Vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in equilibrium with its condensed phase. Isobutane’s vapor pressure permits liquefaction under moderate pressure.
Liquefied petroleum gas: Liquefied petroleum gas is a pressurized fuel mixture composed mainly of propane, butanes, or both. Isobutane is one component of LPG fuels stored as liquid under pressure.
Propane: Propane is a three-carbon alkane with formula C₃H₈. Propane is a common LPG fuel with one fewer carbon atom than isobutane.
Structural isomerism: Structural isomerism occurs when compounds share a molecular formula but differ in atom connectivity. Isobutane and butane are structural isomers with different carbon skeletons.
Boiling point: A boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid’s vapor pressure equals the surrounding pressure. Isobutane boils below room temperature at atmospheric pressure.

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