Knowra Israeli–Palestinian peace process Israeli–Palestinian peace process The Israeli–Palestinian peace process comprises diplomatic efforts to negotiate a political settlement between Israel and Palestinian representatives, addressing issues such as borders, security, Jerusalem, refugees, and statehood.
Oslo Accords : Agreements signed by Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization in 1993 and 1995 that established limited Palestinian self-government. They launched the most consequential bilateral negotiations of the 1990s.
Two-state solution : A proposed settlement establishing independent Israeli and Palestinian states living alongside one another. It has been the principal framework for negotiating a political settlement.
Arab–Israeli conflict : A conflict involving Israel and neighboring Arab states and Palestinian national claims, shaped by competing territorial and political aims. The bilateral peace process emerged within this wider regional conflict.
Jordanian–Israeli peace treaty : A 1994 treaty establishing peace and diplomatic relations between Israel and Jordan. It achieved interstate normalization without settling Palestinian sovereignty or final-status disputes.
Palestinian Authority : An interim Palestinian self-governing body established under the Oslo Accords to administer parts of the West Bank and Gaza Strip. It is the most durable institution created by the negotiation process.
Camp David Summit (2000) : A 2000 summit where Israeli, Palestinian, and U.S. leaders sought a final-status agreement but reached no deal. Its failure exposed deep disputes over territory, Jerusalem, and refugees.
Final status issues : The core unresolved questions in Israeli–Palestinian negotiations, including borders, Jerusalem, refugees, settlements, and security. Negotiators have repeatedly deferred these questions for a comprehensive agreement.
Six-Day War : The 1967 war in which Israel captured the West Bank, Gaza Strip, East Jerusalem, Sinai Peninsula, and Golan Heights. The occupation and territorial changes made land and sovereignty central negotiating issues.
Israeli–Egyptian peace treaty : A 1979 treaty that ended the state of war between Israel and Egypt and returned Sinai to Egypt. It demonstrates a bilateral land-for-peace agreement distinct from the Palestinian negotiations.
Israeli settlement : An Israeli civilian community established in territory occupied by Israel since 1967, including the West Bank and East Jerusalem. Settlement expansion has altered territorial conditions and intensified disputes over borders.
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