Isra'iliyyat

Isra'iliyyat are reports attributed to Jewish or Christian sources that entered some Islamic historical and Qur'anic exegetical works, especially accounts of earlier prophets and peoples.

Tafsir: Tafsir is the interpretation and explanation of the Qur'an. Isra'iliyyat entered Islamic scholarship chiefly through works explaining Qur'anic passages.
Ka'b al-Ahbar: Ka'b al-Ahbar was a Jewish convert to Islam known for transmitting earlier religious lore. He became one of the transmitters most often associated with Isra'iliyyat.
Qur'an: The Qur'an is Islam's central scripture, regarded by Muslims as revelation to Muhammad. Its own accounts provide the baseline against which supplementary narratives are identified.
Allegorical interpretation: Allegorical interpretation reads a text's figures and events as conveying meanings beyond their literal sense. Some commentators favored restrained interpretation over elaborate imported narrative detail.
Hadith: Hadith are reports about the sayings, actions, and approvals of Muhammad. Methods for evaluating transmitted reports shaped judgments about Isra'iliyyat.
Wahb ibn Munabbih: Wahb ibn Munabbih was an early Muslim scholar associated with reports about earlier prophets and peoples. His transmitted narratives became a major source of material later classed as Isra'iliyyat.
Hadith qudsi: A hadith qudsi is a report in which Muhammad relates a divine utterance outside the Qur'an. Unlike Isra'iliyyat, it is framed as a prophetic report of divine speech.
Biblical narratives in the Qur'an: Biblical narratives in the Qur'an are accounts of figures and events also known from Jewish and Christian scripture. Comparing parallel stories helps separate Qur'anic wording from later narrative additions.
Qisas al-anbiya: Qisas al-anbiya is a genre recounting the lives and stories of prophets. Its expanded prophetic narratives often preserve material associated with Isra'iliyyat.
Ibn Taymiyya: Ibn Taymiyya was a medieval Sunni theologian and jurist. His account of Isra'iliyyat's three categories became a widely cited framework.

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