Italy

Italy is a sovereign state in southern Europe, comprising the Italian Peninsula and Mediterranean islands including Sicily and Sardinia. Its capital is Rome.

Connect

Italian Peninsula: The peninsula in southern Europe occupied mainly by Italy and extending into the Mediterranean Sea. Its shape and position define Italy’s mainland territory.
Italian unification: The 19th-century political process that united most of the Italian Peninsula under one state. It created the unified state whose borders and institutions developed into modern Italy.
Constitution of Italy: The 1948 constitution that establishes Italy as a democratic republic and defines its institutions and rights. It sets the rules for Italy’s republican government.
European Union: A political and economic union of European countries with shared institutions and common policies. Italy is a founding member and participates in EU decision-making and the single market.
Roman Empire: An ancient empire centered on Rome that controlled territories around the Mediterranean and beyond. Its political legacy and archaeological remains are embedded in Italy’s history and landscape.
Sicily: The largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and an autonomous region of Italy. This island is one of Italy’s largest and most distinctive territories.
Kingdom of Sardinia: A 1720–1861 monarchy centered on Piedmont that led the unification of Italy. Its government and army drove the political unification campaign.
President of Italy: The head of state of the Italian Republic, elected by Parliament and regional delegates. The president represents national unity and performs constitutional duties.
Eurozone: The group of European Union countries that use the euro as their official currency. Italy adopted the euro and shares the currency’s monetary framework.
Fascist Italy: The Italian state under Benito Mussolini’s Fascist regime from 1922 to 1943. The dictatorship reshaped Italy and drew the country into the Second World War.