Jacobitism

Jacobitism was a political movement seeking to restore the exiled Stuart dynasty to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland. It shaped rebellions, diplomacy, and political loyalties from the late seventeenth into the eighteenth century.

Glorious Revolution: The 1688–1689 overthrow of James II and accession of William III and Mary II to the English throne. James II’s removal created the immediate cause for Stuart restoration efforts.
James Francis Edward Stuart: The son of James II, known to Jacobites as James III of England and VIII of Scotland. He became the principal claimant after his father’s death.
Jacobite rising of 1715: An unsuccessful rebellion in Britain supporting James Francis Edward Stuart’s claim to the throne. It was the first large-scale British rising for the exiled Stuarts after the 1701 succession settlement.
Divine right of kings: The doctrine that monarchs derive their authority directly from God rather than from popular consent. Jacobite claims often rested on hereditary legitimacy that rival governments could not rightfully displace.
Heritable Jurisdictions (Scotland) Act 1746: A statute that abolished hereditary courts and jurisdictions held by Scottish landowners. It dismantled powers that had helped some Scottish chiefs command local authority.
James II of England: The last Catholic monarch to rule England, Scotland, and Ireland, deposed in the Glorious Revolution. Jacobites regarded the deposed king as the rightful monarch.
Charles Edward Stuart: The Stuart claimant known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, who led the 1745 Jacobite rising. His campaign brought the movement closest to restoring the dynasty after 1688.
Jacobite rising of 1719: A Spanish-backed Jacobite rebellion in Scotland that ended after defeat at the Battle of Glen Shiel. It exposed the movement’s dependence on foreign support and vulnerable military positions.
Nonjuring schism: A division among clergy who refused oaths of allegiance to William III and Mary II after James II’s deposition. Nonjurors gave the Stuart cause a religious and constitutional constituency.
Dress Act 1746: A British law restricting Highland dress in Scotland after the 1745 rising, with specified exemptions. It formed part of the state’s effort to suppress symbols associated with rebellion.

Linked from 22 pages