Jadwiga of Poland

Jadwiga of Poland was monarch of Poland from 1384 until her death in 1399. Her marriage to Jogaila linked Poland and Lithuania, and the Catholic Church later canonized her as a saint.

Louis I of Hungary: King of Hungary and Poland from 1370 to 1382, whose daughters inherited his kingdoms. His death left the Polish crown to his daughter Jadwiga.
Coronation of Jadwiga: Jadwiga’s 1384 coronation as king of Poland, using the masculine royal title. The title expressed her status as sovereign rather than merely a king’s consort.
Jagiellonian dynasty: A dynasty that ruled Poland and several Central and Eastern European kingdoms from the late fourteenth to the sixteenth century. Jadwiga’s marriage helped establish the dynasty’s Polish branch.
Canonization of Jadwiga: The Catholic Church’s recognition of Jadwiga as a saint in 1997. Canonization formally recognized the long-standing veneration associated with her life.
Mary, Queen of Hungary: Queen of Hungary and Croatia from 1382 until 1395 and Jadwiga’s elder sister. The sisters’ separate inheritances divided the crowns their father had united.
Union of Krewo: The 1385 agreement in which Jogaila pledged to marry Jadwiga, convert to Christianity, and unite his lands with Poland. It set the terms for Jadwiga’s marriage and the Polish-Lithuanian alliance.
Battle of Grunwald: The 1410 battle in which Polish-Lithuanian forces defeated the Teutonic Knights. The union fostered during Jadwiga’s reign later enabled this major joint victory.
Pope John Paul II: The Polish pope who led the Catholic Church from 1978 to 2005. He canonized Jadwiga during a visit to Kraków in 1997.
Angevin Poland: The period when members of the Capetian House of Anjou ruled the Kingdom of Poland. Jadwiga inherited the Polish crown from her Angevin father.
Christianization of Lithuania: The adoption of Christianity in Lithuania, beginning with the conversion of its ruling dynasty in 1387. Jogaila’s conversion fulfilled a central condition of the marriage settlement.

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