James Gamble

James Gamble (1803–1891) was an Irish-born American soapmaker and industrialist who co-founded Procter & Gamble in Cincinnati with William Procter in 1837.

William Procter: William Procter (1801–1884) was an English-born American candle maker and merchant who co-founded Procter & Gamble. Procter joined Gamble in 1837 to establish their Cincinnati soap-and-candle business.
Procter & Gamble: Procter & Gamble is an American consumer-goods corporation founded in Cincinnati in 1837 by James Gamble and William Procter. The company is the lasting enterprise Gamble established with Procter.
Ivory soap: Ivory is a Procter & Gamble soap brand introduced in 1879 and marketed for its purity and ability to float. The brand became one of the company’s best-known products after Gamble’s founding era.
Irish emigration: Irish emigration is the movement of people from Ireland to other countries, especially during the nineteenth century. Gamble left Ireland for the United States before building his business in Cincinnati.
William Alexander Procter: William Alexander Procter (1843–1907) was a Procter & Gamble executive who led the company after its founders’ generation. Gamble’s grandson carried the family enterprise into a new era of management.
Candle making: Candle making is the production of candles from waxes or fats around a wick. Procter’s candle trade complemented Gamble’s soapmaking when they formed their partnership.
Brand management: Brand management is the practice of developing and maintaining a product’s identity and market position. Procter & Gamble’s growth helped establish branded product management as a corporate practice.
Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurship is the creation and organization of ventures that pursue economic activity under uncertainty. Gamble’s partnership illustrates how a local craft business could become a lasting enterprise.
James Norris Gamble: James Norris Gamble (1836–1932) was a chemist and Procter & Gamble partner who developed Ivory soap. Gamble’s son helped turn the family business toward branded, scientifically developed products.
Soap: Soap is a cleansing substance made from fats or oils reacted with alkali, typically used with water. Gamble’s expertise in soapmaking supplied one half of the founders’ original business.

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