Knowra James II of Aragon James II of Aragon James II ruled the Crown of Aragon from 1291 to 1327 and Sicily from 1285 to 1295. His diplomacy and campaigns strengthened Aragonese influence in the western Mediterranean.
Treaty of Anagni : A 1295 agreement that ended the conflict between the Crown of Aragon and the papacy, France, and the Angevin rulers over Sicily. James accepted the treaty’s terms, surrendering Sicily in exchange for papal support and Sardinia and Corsica.
Peter III of Aragon : King of Aragon and Sicily from 1276 to 1285, who intervened in Sicily after the Sicilian Vespers. James inherited Aragon from his father, whose Sicilian intervention shaped the conflicts he faced.
Frederick III of Sicily : James’s younger brother, who ruled Sicily from 1296 and secured recognition as its king in 1302. Frederick took over Sicily after James’s agreement to relinquish the island.
Treaty of Caltabellotta : A 1302 agreement ending the War of the Sicilian Vespers by recognizing Frederick III as king of Trinacria for life. The treaty formalized the separation of James’s Aragonese kingdom from his brother’s Sicilian realm.
Conquest of Sardinia : The Aragonese campaign that established control over Sardinia beginning in 1323. James secured papal authorization for the island and launched its conquest late in his reign.
Alfonso III of Aragon : King of Aragon from 1285 to 1291, who secured recognition of Aragonese rule in Sicily through the Treaty of Tarascon. James succeeded his brother, inheriting the Sicilian crown and its unresolved diplomatic disputes.
Charles II of Naples : An Angevin king of Naples from 1285 to 1309 and a principal opponent of Aragonese rule in Sicily. James negotiated and fought with Charles over the island and the wider Angevin-Aragonese conflict.
Kingdom of Sardinia and Corsica : A papally created kingdom granted to the Crown of Aragon in 1297, though effective conquest began later. The grant from Boniface VIII gave James a new legal claim that his forces later pursued in Sardinia.
Sicilian Vespers : A 1282 uprising that expelled Angevin rule from Sicily and drew the Crown of Aragon into war with France and the papacy. The revolt brought James into the struggle for Sicily, where he ruled before becoming king of Aragon.
Treaty of Tarascon : A 1291 agreement that ended a papal and French campaign against Aragon and recognized its ruler after he renounced Sicily. The treaty’s settlement affected James’s position in Sicily, although he continued to claim and rule the island.
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