James Naismith

James Naismith was a Canadian-American physical educator who invented basketball in 1891 and wrote its original rules. He later became a physician and college coach.

Basketball: Basketball is a team sport in which players score by throwing a ball through an elevated hoop. Naismith invented the sport to give students an indoor game for winter.
Peach basket: A peach basket is a woven container used as the first basketball goal in Naismith’s game. Naismith used baskets fixed high on opposite ends of the gym, requiring the ball to be retrieved after each score.
Luther Halsey Gulick: Luther Halsey Gulick was an American physical educator and administrator who led the YMCA training school’s physical education program. Gulick asked Naismith to devise an indoor activity for students during winter.
Olympic basketball: Olympic basketball is the basketball competition held at the Summer Olympic Games. The sport Naismith invented became an Olympic medal event in 1936.
Springfield College: Springfield College is a private college in Springfield, Massachusetts, founded as the YMCA International Training School. Naismith taught there when he devised basketball in 1891.
Duck on a Rock: Duck on a Rock is a target game in which players throw stones at an object atop a larger stone. Naismith drew on its arc-and-target challenge when designing a safer indoor game.
Amos Alonzo Stagg: Amos Alonzo Stagg was an American football coach and physical educator who helped develop college athletics. Stagg was among the influential athletic figures working at the YMCA training school during basketball’s early period.
National Basketball Association: The National Basketball Association is a North American professional basketball league founded in 1946. The NBA is one prominent institution in the global sport that grew from Naismith’s game.
Thirteen Rules of Basketball: The Thirteen Rules of Basketball are the original rules Naismith published for the new game in 1892. They record how Naismith first defined play, scoring, and fouls.
Soccer ball: A soccer ball is a spherical ball designed for association football. Naismith chose a soccer ball for basketball’s first games, favoring a ball that could be passed.

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