Jameson Raid

The Jameson Raid was an 1895–1896 failed armed incursion into the Transvaal Republic, intended to provoke an uprising against its government.

Uitlanders: Uitlanders were foreign-born residents of the South African Republic, especially the British migrants drawn to the Witwatersrand goldfields. Their political grievances were used to justify plans for an uprising in Johannesburg.
Johannesburg Reform Committee: The Johannesburg Reform Committee was a group of mainly British mining and business leaders who sought political change in the Transvaal. Its planned uprising was supposed to coincide with Jameson's advance.
Kruger Telegram: The Kruger Telegram was a message from German Emperor Wilhelm II congratulating Paul Kruger after the raid's defeat. Its diplomatic fallout made the raid an international incident.
First Boer War: The First Boer War was a conflict between Britain and the South African Republic from 1880 to 1881. Unlike the raid, it was an open war fought more than a decade earlier.
Witwatersrand Gold Rush: The Witwatersrand Gold Rush began in 1886 and transformed the South African Republic into a major gold producer. Gold wealth brought the foreign population whose discontent the raid aimed to exploit.
Johannesburg: Johannesburg is a South African city founded after the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand in 1886. The raid aimed to reach the city and support an anticipated revolt there.
Second Boer War: The Second Boer War was fought between the British Empire and the Boer republics from 1899 to 1902. The raid sharpened tensions that contributed to the later conflict.
Matabeleland Rebellion: The Matabeleland Rebellion was an 1896 uprising against British South Africa Company rule in what is now Zimbabwe. It followed the raid but was a separate revolt against company authority.
Cecil Rhodes: Cecil Rhodes was a British imperialist, mining magnate, and Cape Colony prime minister from 1890 to 1896. Rhodes helped finance and organize the scheme behind the incursion.
Boer Republics: The Boer republics were independent states established by Afrikaner settlers in southern Africa during the nineteenth century. The raid challenged the sovereignty of one of these republics.

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