Jan van Eyck

Jan van Eyck was a Flemish painter active in the fifteenth century, celebrated for detailed oil paintings that helped shape Early Netherlandish art.

Arnolfini Portrait: A 1434 oil painting by Jan van Eyck depicting Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini and a woman in a domestic interior. Its convex mirror, inscriptions, and carefully rendered objects make it his best-known portrait.
Oil painting: A painting method that uses pigments bound in drying oil, allowing slow-drying, flexible layers. Oil provided the working properties behind many of the effects associated with Van Eyck.
Early Netherlandish painting: A fifteenth- and early-sixteenth-century tradition of painting in the Low Countries, marked by oil technique and detailed realism. Van Eyck is one of its defining painters.
Rogier van der Weyden: A fifteenth-century Netherlandish painter known for emotionally expressive religious works and precise technique. His career shows another major direction in the painting tradition Van Eyck helped establish.
Northern Renaissance: A broad cultural movement in northern Europe during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, shaped by humanism and artistic exchange. Van Eyck's work became a touchstone for later accounts of northern Renaissance art.
Ghent Altarpiece: A large polyptych altarpiece completed in 1432 by Jan and Hubert van Eyck for Saint Bavo's Cathedral in Ghent. This monumental collaboration displays the technical range of Van Eyck's religious painting.
Glazing (painting technique): A painting technique that applies thin, translucent layers of color over a dried paint surface. Transparent layers helped produce depth and subtle color transitions in Netherlandish painting.
Burgundian Netherlands: The territories ruled by the dukes of Burgundy in the Low Countries during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. The Burgundian court supplied the political setting and elite patronage surrounding his career.
Petrus Christus: A fifteenth-century Netherlandish painter active in Bruges after Jan van Eyck's death. His work demonstrates how Van Eyck's approach was continued and adapted locally.
Hans Memling: A German-born painter who worked in Bruges and became a leading Netherlandish artist in the later fifteenth century. His refined Bruges paintings carried forward a tradition associated with Van Eyck.

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