Java Sea

The Java Sea is a shallow sea in the western Pacific, bounded by Java, Borneo, Sumatra, and Sulawesi. It occupies a submerged continental shelf and connects to surrounding seas through several straits.

Java: Java is an Indonesian island south of Borneo and the country's most populous island. Its northern coast forms the Java Sea's southern boundary.
Indonesian Throughflow: The Indonesian Throughflow is the transfer of water from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean through the Indonesian seas. The Java Sea forms part of the regional passages carrying this interocean exchange.
Last Glacial Maximum: The Last Glacial Maximum was the peak of the most recent ice age, about 26,000 to 19,000 years ago. Lower sea levels exposed much of the shelf now covered by the Java Sea.
Battle of the Java Sea: The Battle of the Java Sea was a 1942 naval battle in which Japanese forces defeated Allied ships during the invasion of the Dutch East Indies. The battle made the sea's position between Java and the eastern archipelago strategically decisive.
Java Sea fisheries: Java Sea fisheries comprise capture fishing and aquaculture across the sea and its coastal waters. They depend on the sea's shallow habitats and support densely populated coastal regions.
Borneo: Borneo is an island in Southeast Asia divided among Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei. Its southern coast bounds the Java Sea to the north.
Indonesian Throughflow and monsoon: Monsoon winds seasonally alter circulation and transport in the seas of the Indonesian archipelago. Seasonal winds affect water exchange through the Java Sea's straits.
Sunda Land: Sunda Land is the exposed continental region that connected parts of western Indonesia and mainland Southeast Asia during low sea levels. It occupied the Java Sea basin when glacial seas withdrew.
Battle of Sunda Strait: The Battle of Sunda Strait was a 1942 naval engagement in which Japanese forces sank the Allied cruisers USS Houston and HMAS Perth. It shows how a strait connecting the Java Sea became a wartime chokepoint.
North Coast of Java: The North Coast of Java is the densely settled coastal belt facing the Java Sea. Its ports, fisheries, and low-lying settlements depend directly on the sea.

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