Jean III de Grailly

Jean III de Grailly was a Gascon noble and military commander who served the English during the Hundred Years’ War and held the title Captal de Buch.

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Battle of Poitiers: A 1356 battle in which English forces defeated and captured King John II of France. Jean fought for the English in this major victory and was captured by the French.
Bertrand du Guesclin: A Breton military commander who led French forces against the English and their allies during the Hundred Years’ War. Du Guesclin defeated Jean’s force at Cocherel and became a leading French opponent.
Hundred Years’ War: A series of conflicts between the English and French monarchies from 1337 to 1453. Jean’s military career unfolded within this prolonged struggle over the French crown and territories.
Treaty of Brétigny: A 1360 agreement that temporarily ended major fighting and expanded English territorial control in France. The treaty framed the shifting territorial settlement during Jean’s military career.
Battle of Cocherel: A 1364 battle in Normandy in which Bertrand du Guesclin defeated forces supporting Charles II of Navarre. Jean commanded the Anglo-Navarrese force defeated in this engagement.
Edward the Black Prince: The eldest son of Edward III and an English military commander in the Hundred Years’ War. Jean served the English regime in Aquitaine under the prince’s command.
Gascony: A historical region in southwestern France that was held in large part by the English crown during the Hundred Years’ War. Jean’s lordship and military importance arose from Gascony’s contested position.
English Aquitaine: The lands in southwestern France held by the English crown during parts of the Middle Ages. Jean’s authority depended on this possession, which French reconquest progressively reduced.
Battle of La Rochelle: A 1372 naval battle in which a Castilian fleet defeated an English fleet near La Rochelle. Its outcome weakened English control in Aquitaine, the region where Jean held power.
Charles II of Navarre: King of Navarre from 1349 to 1387, known for his shifting alliances and claims in France. Jean fought at Cocherel in support of Charles’s cause.