Jeanne Calment

Jeanne Calment was a French woman who lived from 1875 to 1997. Her verified lifespan of 122 years and 164 days is the longest documented human lifespan.

Oldest people: People who have reached the highest documented ages in a population or historical record. Calment holds the record for the longest lifespan verified by modern documentation.
Arles: A city in southern France on the Rhône River, known for its Roman monuments and association with Vincent van Gogh. Calment was born and spent nearly all her life in this city.
Supercentenarian: A person who has reached at least 110 years of age. Calment belongs to this exceptionally rare age group.
Nikolay Zak: A Russian researcher who argued that Jeanne Calment's daughter Yvonne assumed her identity and lived under her name. His 2018 hypothesis challenged the accepted account of Calment's age.
Sarah Knauss: An American woman who lived to 119 years and 97 days, becoming the oldest person recognized before Calment's record. Her verified lifespan makes her a leading comparison with Calment.
Vincent van Gogh: A Dutch Post-Impressionist painter whose works include The Starry Night and Sunflowers. Calment recalled meeting him in her family's shop in Arles when she was a girl.
Age validation: The process of checking a claimed age against reliable records across a person's life. Calment's record depends on linking documents to the same person over 122 years.
Yvonne Calment: Jeanne Calment's daughter, who died in 1934 according to official records. The identity-substitution hypothesis claims Yvonne, rather than Jeanne, reached the celebrated age.
Kane Tanaka: A Japanese woman who lived to 119 years and 107 days and was recognized as the oldest living person from 2018 to 2022. Her documented longevity illustrates the distinction between living records and all-time records.
Third French Republic: The French republican regime that lasted from 1870 until the German invasion of 1940. Calment's life began during this regime and spanned France's subsequent political transformations.

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