Knowra Jesus Jesus Jesus was a first-century Jewish preacher whose followers formed the movement that became Christianity. Christians identify him as the Messiah and Son of God; Islam regards him as a prophet.
Second Temple Judaism : The diverse Jewish religious and cultural world from the rebuilding of the Jerusalem Temple around 516 BCE to its destruction in 70 CE. Jesus’s teachings and practices emerged within this Jewish world.
Messiah : An anointed figure expected in Jewish tradition, with varied meanings across texts and communities. Christians identify Jesus as the Messiah, though Jewish expectations and Christian claims differ.
Mary, mother of Jesus : The Jewish woman identified in Christian tradition as Jesus’s mother. Christian narratives place Mary at Jesus’s birth and at key moments in his life.
Christianity : A religion centered on the life, teachings, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Christianity developed from the movement formed by Jesus’s followers.
Early Christianity : The diverse communities and beliefs that developed among Jesus’s followers during the first centuries CE. These communities carried Jesus’s teachings and claims across the Roman world.
Roman Judea : The territory of Judea under Roman rule, including the period in which Jesus lived. Roman authority shaped the political setting of Jesus’s ministry and execution.
Son of God : A title used in several religious traditions for figures understood to have a special relationship with God. Christian belief gives this title a central role in understanding Jesus.
John the Baptist : A Jewish preacher who baptized people in the Jordan River and proclaimed repentance before Jesus’s ministry. The Gospel accounts connect Jesus’s baptism and early activity with John.
Christology : The study and doctrine of the identity, nature, and work of Jesus Christ. Christology organizes Christian claims about who Jesus is.
Pauline Christianity : Forms of early Christianity shaped by Paul’s letters, mission, and theological arguments. Paul’s interpretation of Jesus influenced the movement’s expansion and later doctrine.
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