Jhelum River

The Jhelum is a major river of the northwestern Indian subcontinent. It flows through Kashmir and Pakistan before joining the Chenab River.

Verinag Spring: A spring in Kashmir’s Pir Panjal range that is the principal source of the Jhelum River. The river begins at this spring near Anantnag.
Rigveda: An ancient collection of Sanskrit hymns, among the oldest surviving texts of Indo-Aryan literature. Its name Vitastā is an early textual name for the Jhelum.
Indus Waters Treaty: A 1960 agreement between India and Pakistan governing the use of waters in the Indus river system. It allocates the Jhelum’s waters for use by both countries.
Kashmir conflict: A longstanding territorial and political conflict involving India and Pakistan over Kashmir. The Jhelum crosses a region divided by the conflict’s Line of Control.
Kashmir Valley: A Himalayan valley between the Pir Panjal and Greater Himalayan ranges, drained chiefly by the Jhelum River. The Jhelum traverses the valley from southeast to northwest.
Vitasta: The ancient Sanskrit name for the Jhelum River. The name persists in historical and cultural accounts of the river.
Kishanganga Hydroelectric Plant: An Indian hydroelectric project that diverts water from the Kishanganga, or Neelum, River into the Jhelum basin. Its diversion connects the Jhelum’s tributary system to treaty disputes.
Line of Control: The military control line dividing Indian- and Pakistani-administered parts of Kashmir. It crosses the Jhelum basin and complicates shared river management.
Wular Lake: A large freshwater lake in Jammu and Kashmir, fed and drained by the Jhelum River. The river widens into this lake north of Srinagar.
Hydaspes: The ancient Greek name for the Jhelum River. Greek accounts use this name for the river crossed by Alexander’s army.

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Ravi RiverCompared with: The Jhelum is a western river under the treaty system, unlike the Ravi's eastern-river status.