Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck

Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck is Bhutan’s fifth Druk Gyalpo, or king. He ascended the throne in 2006 and was crowned in 2008.

Jigme Singye Wangchuck: Bhutan’s fourth Druk Gyalpo, who abdicated in 2006 in favor of his son. His father’s abdication brought Khesar to the throne two years before the coronation.
Constitutional monarchy: A system in which a monarch serves as head of state under constitutional limits. It describes the political system under which Khesar reigns.
Jetsun Pema: Queen consort of Bhutan, who married Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck in 2011. As queen, she shares the public and ceremonial responsibilities of the royal household.
2008 Bhutanese National Assembly election: Bhutan’s first general election, held in 2008 to choose the National Assembly. The election established elected government during Khesar’s first year as king.
Wangchuck dynasty: Bhutan’s royal dynasty, founded by Ugyen Wangchuck in 1907. Khesar’s kingship continues the dynasty that has ruled Bhutan since its unification.
National Assembly of Bhutan: The elected lower house of Bhutan’s bicameral Parliament. Its elected members exercise legislative authority within the constitutional order Khesar symbolizes.
Jigme Dorji Wangchuck: Bhutan’s third Druk Gyalpo, associated with the country’s modernization and opening to the outside world. Khesar’s grandfather helped shape the modern state inherited by the present king.
Democratization in Bhutan: Bhutan’s transition from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy. Khesar’s accession overlapped with the completion of this political transition.
Ugyen Wangchuck: The first Druk Gyalpo of Bhutan, crowned in 1907 and founder of the Wangchuck dynasty. The monarchy Khesar inherited began with his great-great-grandfather’s accession.
National Council of Bhutan: The upper house of Bhutan’s Parliament, comprising elected and appointed members. This chamber shares Bhutan’s legislative process with the National Assembly during Khesar’s reign.

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