Joe Slovo

Joe Slovo (1926–1995) was a South African communist, anti-apartheid activist, and military strategist who led the South African Communist Party and served as housing minister in Nelson Mandela’s government.

Ruth First: Ruth First was a South African anti-apartheid journalist, scholar, and communist activist. First was Slovo’s wife and a fellow leader in the South African Communist Party.
Umkhonto we Sizwe: Umkhonto we Sizwe was the armed wing of the African National Congress, founded in 1961. Slovo helped found and lead the organization that became the ANC’s military arm.
Lithuanian Jews: Lithuanian Jews are Jewish communities whose historical roots lie in Lithuania and neighboring regions. Slovo was born to a Jewish family that emigrated from Lithuania to South Africa.
How to Defeat Apartheid: How to Defeat Apartheid is Joe Slovo’s 1988 essay arguing for a broad, united front against minority rule. The essay set out Slovo’s strategic case for alliances across South African society.
Nelson Mandela: Nelson Mandela was a South African anti-apartheid leader and the country’s first Black president. Slovo served in Mandela’s cabinet as housing minister after the 1994 election.
African National Congress: The African National Congress is a South African political movement founded in 1912 to oppose racial and colonial rule. Slovo was a senior strategist in the ANC and its alliance with the SACP.
Apartheid: Apartheid was South Africa’s system of legally enforced racial segregation and white-minority rule from 1948 to 1994. Opposition to apartheid defined Slovo’s activism and political strategy.
1992 Joe Slovo article: The 1992 article “Negotiations: What Room for Compromise?” examined power-sharing in South Africa’s transition from apartheid. Slovo defended a temporary sunset clause to break a deadlock over transition arrangements.
Oliver Tambo: Oliver Tambo was an anti-apartheid leader who served as president of the African National Congress in exile. Tambo worked with Slovo in the ANC’s leadership and exile networks.
South African Communist Party: The South African Communist Party is a Marxist political party founded in 1921. Slovo led the SACP from 1984 to 1991 and helped shape its alliance politics.

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