John Berger

John Berger (1926–2017) was a British art critic, novelist, poet, and essayist whose television series and book Ways of Seeing challenged conventional ways of looking at images.

Ways of Seeing: A 1972 television series and book by John Berger examining how images shape ways of seeing. This is Berger’s best-known work and the clearest entry to his approach to visual culture.
Sven Blomberg: A Swedish artist and filmmaker who collaborated with John Berger on Ways of Seeing. Blomberg helped make Berger’s analysis of images work as a television series.
A Seventh Man: A 1975 book by John Berger and Jean Mohr about migrant workers in Europe. Its combination of photographs and text applies Berger’s political attention to the lives of migrant workers.
Feminist film theory: The study of how cinema represents gender and organizes looking, spectatorship, and power. Berger’s analysis of gendered looking became a point of reference for later visual criticism.
Oil painting: A painting technique that uses pigments bound in drying oils, especially linseed oil. Berger analyzes how European oil painting represented property, wealth, and possession.
Michael Dibb: A British television director who co-directed the Ways of Seeing series with John Berger. Dibb’s direction shaped how Berger’s arguments were presented onscreen.
Another Way of Telling: A 1982 book by John Berger and photographer Jean Mohr exploring photography and its interpretation. It extends Berger’s questions about images through a sustained study of photography.
Visual culture: The interdisciplinary study of images, visual practices, and the social conditions of seeing. Berger’s work helped make everyday and reproduced images subjects of serious cultural analysis.
European art: Art produced in Europe across its many historical periods, regions, and media. The tradition Berger scrutinizes in Ways of Seeing supplies many of his central examples.
Richard Wollheim: A British philosopher whose work on art and perception included a theory of seeing-in. Wollheim’s analytic philosophy offers a different framework for explaining how pictures are seen.

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