John Paul Stevens

John Paul Stevens was an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1975 to 2010. Appointed by Republican president Gerald Ford, he became a leading voice of the Court’s liberal wing.

Chevron U.S.A., Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc.: A 1984 Supreme Court decision establishing a framework for judicial review of federal agencies’ interpretations of ambiguous statutes. Stevens wrote the opinion that created the framework later known as Chevron deference.
Gerald Ford: The 38th president of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977. Ford nominated Stevens to the Supreme Court in 1975.
Supreme Court of the United States: The highest federal court in the United States, with authority to decide cases arising under federal law and the Constitution. Stevens served on this court for nearly 35 years.
Retirement of John Paul Stevens: John Paul Stevens’s departure from the Supreme Court in 2010, after nearly 35 years as an associate justice. His retirement opened a seat that President Barack Obama filled with Elena Kagan.
Bush v. Gore: A 2000 Supreme Court decision that halted Florida’s presidential recount and resolved the disputed election in George W. Bush’s favor. Stevens’s dissent argued that the Court’s intervention damaged public confidence in the judiciary.
William Rehnquist: A Supreme Court justice from 1972 to 2005 who served as chief justice from 1986 until his death. Stevens and Rehnquist often occupied opposing sides of the Court’s ideological divisions.
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States: A member of the Supreme Court other than the chief justice, with equal authority to vote on cases. Stevens held this office throughout his Supreme Court tenure.
Five Chiefs: John Paul Stevens’s 2011 memoir recounting his experiences with five chief justices during his Supreme Court career. The memoir offers Stevens’s own account of the institution and its members.
District of Columbia v. Heller: A 2008 Supreme Court decision recognizing an individual right to possess firearms under the Second Amendment. Stevens dissented, defending an interpretation tied to militia service.
Sandra Day O'Connor: A Supreme Court justice from 1981 to 2006 and the first woman to serve on the Court. O’Connor’s retirement preceded Stevens’s final years and reshaped the Court’s balance.

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