Joint dislocation

A joint dislocation occurs when the bones forming a joint are forced out of their normal alignment. It can damage surrounding ligaments, nerves, blood vessels, and other tissues.

Joint: A place where two or more bones meet, permitting movement or providing stability. Dislocation disrupts the normal relationship between bones at a joint.
Radiography: Medical imaging that uses X-rays to produce pictures of internal structures. X-rays can confirm displacement and identify associated fractures.
Subluxation: A partial loss of normal alignment between the surfaces of a joint. It differs from a complete dislocation because some joint contact remains.
Articular cartilage: Smooth connective tissue covering the ends of bones where they meet in a joint. The cartilage surfaces normally remain aligned and move against one another.
Ligament: A band of connective tissue that connects bones and helps stabilize joints. Ligaments may stretch or tear when a joint is forced out of alignment.
Closed reduction: Realignment of a displaced bone without surgically opening the affected area. Many dislocations are treated by manipulating the joint back into position.
Sprain: An injury involving stretching or tearing of ligaments around a joint. A sprain damages stabilizing ligaments without necessarily displacing the bones.
Synovial joint: A freely movable joint whose bones are enclosed in a capsule and separated by a fluid-filled cavity. Most familiar dislocations involve this type of joint.
Joint capsule: A connective-tissue enclosure surrounding a synovial joint and helping contain its structures. Displacement can stretch or rupture the capsule that surrounds the joint.
Immobilization (medical): Restricting movement of a body part to protect it during healing or treatment. A splint or sling can protect the joint after reduction.

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