Jonah (biblical prophet)

Jonah is a Hebrew prophet in the biblical Book of Jonah who flees a divine command to preach in Nineveh, survives inside a great fish, and reluctantly delivers the warning.

Jonah and the great fish: The biblical episode in which a great fish swallows Jonah and later releases him. This is the story’s most distinctive episode and turns Jonah’s flight into a deliverance.
Book of Jonah: A short biblical book recounting Jonah’s mission to Nineveh and his struggle with divine mercy. It is the narrative that defines Jonah’s prophetic story.
Divine mercy: Compassionate forgiveness or restraint attributed to a deity toward those who have done wrong. God’s decision to spare Nineveh is the mercy Jonah resents.
Book of Tobit: A Jewish narrative in which the angel Raphael helps Tobias, while Nineveh’s eventual destruction is anticipated. It offers a different biblical-era framing of Nineveh’s fate than Jonah’s spared city.
Jonah's prayer: A prayer of thanksgiving spoken by Jonah from inside the great fish in the Book of Jonah. It gives voice to Jonah’s response while trapped at sea.
Hebrew prophets: Figures in the Hebrew Bible who convey divine messages and warnings to individuals or communities. Jonah’s assignment to warn a city belongs to the prophetic tradition.
Repentance: A turning away from wrongdoing, often accompanied by remorse and a change in conduct. Nineveh’s repentance is the stated reason its destruction is averted.
Matthew 12:38–42: A passage in Matthew that invokes Jonah’s sign and compares his three days in the fish with the Son of Man’s time in the earth. The New Testament passage reinterprets Jonah’s ordeal as a sign concerning Jesus.
Jonah's preaching in Nineveh: Jonah’s proclamation that Nineveh will be overthrown in forty days, followed by the city’s repentance. The reluctant prophet succeeds where his resistance suggested he would fail.
Nineveh: An ancient Assyrian city on the Tigris River and the destination of Jonah’s mission. Its reputation as an enemy city sharpens Jonah’s reluctance to preach there.

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