Joule's first law

Joule's first law states that heat generated in a conductor by an electric current equals the current squared multiplied by resistance and time: Q = I²Rt.

Joule heating: The conversion of electrical energy into heat as current flows through electrical resistance. The law quantifies this heating for a constant current and resistance.
Joule: The SI unit of energy, equal to one newton metre. Heat Q is measured in joules in the law's standard SI form.
James Prescott Joule: An English physicist who investigated the relationship between heat, mechanical work, and electricity. His name is attached to the experimental law of resistive heating.
Electric heater: A device that converts electrical energy into heat, usually through resistive elements. Its heating element is designed around the current-resistance heating quantified by the law.
Joule's second law: A statement about how the heat produced by a current depends on the conductor's material and dimensions. Unlike the first law's circuit equation, this law concerns the material and geometry dependence of resistance.
Electrical resistance: The property that measures how strongly a material opposes electric current. Greater resistance produces more heat at fixed current and duration.
Ampere: The SI unit of electric current. Current I is measured in amperes before being squared in the equation.
Joule's law of heating: The relation commonly expressed as heat proportional to current squared, resistance, and time. This closely related name is often used for the same quantitative heating rule.
Fuse (electrical): A circuit-protection device whose element melts when excessive current produces enough heat. The law explains why sustained overcurrent can melt a fuse element.
Kirchhoff's circuit laws: Rules stating that currents and voltage changes balance at circuit junctions and loops. They help determine currents and voltages before applying Joule's heating relation.

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Joule's laws (electrical heating)Broader topic: It names the current-squared form central to electrical heating.