Juvénal Habyarimana

Juvénal Habyarimana was a Rwandan military officer and politician who ruled Rwanda as president from 1973 until his assassination in 1994.

Rwanda: A landlocked country in East Africa whose modern history includes colonial rule, revolution, and genocide. Habyarimana governed this country for two decades.
National Revolutionary Movement for Development: Rwanda's ruling political party under Habyarimana, known by its French initials MRND. The party organized political life around his presidency.
Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana: The 6 April 1994 shooting down of the plane carrying Habyarimana and Burundian president Cyprien Ntaryamira. His death precipitated the collapse of the peace process and the onset of mass violence.
Rwandan Patriotic Front government: The Rwandan government formed after the RPF's 1994 victory and led by Paul Kagame. It replaced the government Habyarimana had led.
Grégoire Kayibanda: Rwandan politician who served as the country's first president from 1962 to 1973. Habyarimana took power in a coup that ended Kayibanda's presidency.
Hutu Power: An extremist ideology that promoted Hutu political dominance and hostility toward Tutsi. Its hardliners challenged Habyarimana's authority and later shaped the genocide's political climate.
Rwandan genocide: The 1994 genocide in which extremist-led forces murdered about 800,000 people, overwhelmingly Tutsi, in Rwanda. The genocide began hours after Habyarimana's plane was shot down.
Paul Kagame: Rwandan politician and former RPF military leader who became president in 2000. Kagame's movement opposed Habyarimana's government and won the civil war.
Rwandan Revolution: The upheaval around Rwanda's independence that displaced the monarchy and drove many Tutsi into exile. Its political divisions shaped the republic Habyarimana inherited.
Akazu: A network of influential figures around Habyarimana's family and inner circle. The term is associated with patronage and hardline influence near the presidency.

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