Kadampa

Kadampa is a Tibetan Buddhist tradition formed around the teachings of the Indian master Atisha and his Tibetan disciple Dromtönpa. Its emphasis on gradual training, ethical discipline, and the integration of Buddhist teachings shaped later Tibetan schools.

Atisha: Atisha was an Indian Buddhist master who traveled to Tibet and helped shape its later Buddhist traditions. His teachings supplied the principal source for Kadampa’s lineage and reform program.
Second diffusion of Buddhism in Tibet: The second diffusion of Buddhism in Tibet was the renewed spread of Buddhist teachings and institutions from the late tenth century onward. Kadampa arose within this revival, which brought Indian teachers and texts into Tibet.
Gelug: Gelug is a Tibetan Buddhist school founded by Tsongkhapa in the early fifteenth century. Tsongkhapa drew heavily on Kadampa teachings, and Gelug later adopted the name New Kadampa.
Kagyu: Kagyu is a Tibetan Buddhist school known for meditation lineages tracing through Marpa and Milarepa. Its lineage and characteristic practices developed alongside, rather than from, early Kadampa.
Dromtönpa: Dromtönpa was a Tibetan Buddhist teacher and lay disciple of Atisha who founded the Kadampa tradition. He organized Atisha’s teachings into a Tibetan lineage and established its early community.
Rinchen Zangpo: Rinchen Zangpo was a Tibetan translator and Buddhist teacher who helped transmit Indian Buddhist works into Tibet. His translation activity formed part of the wider revival that made Atisha’s mission possible.
Tsongkhapa: Tsongkhapa was a Tibetan Buddhist scholar and teacher who founded the Gelug school. He revived Kadampa ideals and incorporated their staged path into his own synthesis.
Sakya: Sakya is a Tibetan Buddhist school founded around the monastery of the same name in the eleventh century. It formed a distinct institutional and scholastic tradition during Kadampa’s historical period.
Lamrim: Lamrim is a genre of Tibetan Buddhist instruction that arranges the path to awakening in stages. Kadampa teaching helped establish the staged-path format later associated with this genre.
Vikramashila: Vikramashila was a major Buddhist monastic university in northeastern India, active from the eighth to the twelfth century. Atisha studied and taught in this Indian institution before traveling to Tibet.

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