Kaesong

Kaesong is a city in southwestern North Korea near the border with South Korea. It was the capital of the Goryeo dynasty from 918 to 1392 and preserves major sites from that period.

Goryeo: A Korean dynasty that ruled from 918 to 1392 and unified most of the Korean Peninsula. Kaesong served as Goryeo’s capital throughout the dynasty’s rule.
Historic Monuments and Sites in Kaesong: A UNESCO World Heritage property encompassing twelve Goryeo-era monuments and archaeological sites in Kaesong. It groups the city’s best-known remains of Goryeo’s capital period.
Kaesong Industrial Region: A North Korean industrial zone established for joint ventures with South Korean companies. The city became a rare site of inter-Korean economic cooperation.
Joseon dynasty: A Korean dynasty that ruled from 1392 to 1897 after overthrowing Goryeo. Its founding ended Kaesong’s centuries as the principal royal capital.
Wang Geon: The founder and first king of Goryeo, who ruled from 918 to 943. He established Goryeo and made his home region its political center.
Tomb of King Wang Geon: The mausoleum of Wang Geon, founder of the Goryeo dynasty, located near Kaesong. The founder’s tomb anchors the city’s landscape of Goryeo royal heritage.
Kaesong Industrial Complex: A joint North Korean–South Korean manufacturing complex that operated from 2004 to 2016. Its factories brought South Korean investment and workers into the Kaesong area.
Korean War: A war fought from 1950 to 1953 between North and South Korea and their allies, ending in an armistice. The war placed Kaesong on a contested frontier and shifted its national setting.
Hanseong: The historic name for Seoul as the capital of Joseon and later Korean states. Its rise as a capital followed Kaesong’s loss of that role.
Manwoldae: The archaeological remains of the Goryeo royal palace complex in Kaesong. Its foundations mark the location of the dynasty’s principal palace.

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