Knowra Kamehameha III Kamehameha III Kamehameha III was king of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1825 to 1854. His reign saw the kingdom adopt a constitution, establish private land ownership, and expand diplomatic relations.
Constitution of 1840 : The first written constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii, establishing a constitutional government and defining royal, chiefly, and representative authority. It formally limited and organized the monarchy during Kamehameha III’s reign.
Kamehameha II : The second king of the Kingdom of Hawaii, whose reign lasted from 1819 until his death in 1824. His death in England left the young Kamehameha III to inherit the throne.
Keaweaweʻulaokalani : A Hawaiian chiefess who was Kamehameha III’s first wife and the mother of his daughter, Keaweaweʻulaokalani II. Their marriage tied the king to chiefly lineages before he later married Kalama.
Anglo-French Proclamation : The 1843 declaration by Britain and France recognizing the independence of the Hawaiian Kingdom. It affirmed the sovereignty Kamehameha III had sought to protect through diplomacy.
Kamehameha IV : The fourth king of the Kingdom of Hawaii, who ruled from 1855 to 1863. His reign followed Kamehameha III’s and inherited the constitutional institutions he established.
Constitution of 1852 : A constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii that expanded representative government and enumerated civil rights. It further defined the constitutional system developed under Kamehameha III.
Kaʻahumanu : A powerful Hawaiian chiefess who served as kuhina nui, or regent and premier, during the early reigns of Kamehameha II and III. She exercised governing authority while Kamehameha III was young and helped shape early reforms.
Kalama Hakaleleponi Kapakuhaili : Queen consort of Kamehameha III and mother of his surviving children, including the future king Kamehameha IV. She was his principal royal partner during the later decades of his reign.
Paulet Affair : The 1843 seizure of the Hawaiian Islands by British naval officer Lord George Paulet, followed by their restoration to Hawaiian rule. The crisis tested the kingdom’s sovereignty and led to international recognition.
Kamehameha V : The fifth king of the Kingdom of Hawaii, whose reign lasted from 1863 to 1872. His later constitution strengthened royal authority, contrasting with the representative framework of 1852.
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