Kassites

The Kassites were an ancient people who ruled Babylonia for several centuries during the second millennium BCE, founding its longest-lasting dynasty.

Kassite language: An extinct language known chiefly from personal names, loanwords, and a small number of glosses. Its limited surviving evidence makes the Kassites’ linguistic origins difficult to reconstruct.
Kassite dynasty: The Babylonian royal house of Kassite rulers, which governed for several centuries in the second millennium BCE. It is the political form through which Kassite power became durable.
Amarna letters: A collection of diplomatic correspondence from the fourteenth century BCE, written mainly in Akkadian cuneiform. Letters between Babylonian and Egyptian courts document Kassite diplomacy.
Babylonian kingship: The institution and ideology of royal rule in ancient Babylonia. Kassite monarchs maintained Babylonian royal traditions while establishing a long-lived foreign-origin dynasty.
Kassite origins: The unresolved question of where the Kassites originated before their rule in Babylonia. Texts associate them with the Zagros, but their earlier homeland remains uncertain.
Zagros Mountains: A mountain range stretching across western Iran and parts of Iraq and southeastern Turkey. Kassite groups were associated with the Zagros region before ruling Babylonia.
Kudurru: A carved stone monument recording royal land grants, privileges, or boundary decisions in Babylonia. Kassite kings used kudurrus to document land grants and protect royal decisions.
Late Bronze Age: A period of interconnected states and long-distance exchange across the eastern Mediterranean and Near East. Kassite Babylonia was one of the major kingdoms within this international system.
Nippur: An ancient Mesopotamian city and major religious center of the god Enlil. Kassite rulers invested in Nippur, where archives illuminate their administration and patronage.
Kassite onomastics: The study of Kassite personal and divine names preserved in ancient records. Names provide much of the evidence used to investigate Kassite language and identity.

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