Katipunan

The Katipunan was a secret revolutionary society founded in 1892 to secure Philippine independence from Spain. Its discovery in 1896 helped trigger the Philippine Revolution.

Andrés Bonifacio: A Filipino revolutionary who helped found the Katipunan and led its early struggle against Spain. As Supremo, he directed the society and urged armed revolt.
La Liga Filipina: A reformist organization founded by José Rizal in 1892 to unite Filipinos and pursue peaceful political change. Its dissolution after Rizal’s arrest helped prompt Bonifacio and others to form the Katipunan.
Gregoria de Jesús: A Filipino revolutionary who guarded Katipunan documents and supported the movement as Lakambini of the Katipunan. Her work protected records and helped sustain the society during Spanish persecution.
Cry of Pugad Lawin: A 1896 revolutionary gathering associated with the tearing of cedulas and the decision to revolt against Spain. It symbolizes the Katipunan’s transition from clandestine organizing to open rebellion.
La Solidaridad: A Filipino reformist newspaper published in Spain from 1889 to 1895. Its campaign sought reforms within the Spanish system, unlike the Katipunan’s independence goal.
Kartilya ng Katipunan: The Katipunan’s guide to its principles and ethical duties, written by Emilio Jacinto. It taught members the conduct and ideals expected within the society.
José Rizal: A Filipino writer and reform advocate whose novels criticized Spanish colonial rule. His arrest and exile after founding La Liga Filipina shaped the Katipunan’s founding moment.
Emilio Aguinaldo: A Filipino revolutionary leader who became president of the First Philippine Republic. His factional victory over Bonifacio changed leadership of the revolution.
Philippine Revolution: An armed struggle beginning in 1896 against Spanish rule in the Philippines. The Katipunan’s uprising became the opening phase of this revolution.
First Philippine Republic: The revolutionary Filipino state inaugurated in 1899 under President Emilio Aguinaldo. It was a public government formed after the Katipunan’s clandestine society and early revolt.

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