Kazimir Malevich

Kazimir Malevich (1879–1935) was a Russian avant-garde artist who founded Suprematism, an art movement centered on basic geometric forms and color.

Black Square: Kazimir Malevich’s 1915 painting of a black quadrilateral on a white ground, a defining work of Suprematism. This painting became the movement’s starkest emblem and a declaration of nonobjective art.
Suprematism: An abstract art movement founded by Kazimir Malevich, organized around basic geometric forms and color. It is the movement Malevich founded and the framework for his nonobjective paintings.
Russian avant-garde: A broad early twentieth-century movement of Russian artists and writers who challenged inherited forms and institutions. Malevich developed his work amid its rapid exchanges among competing modernist movements.
El Lissitzky: A Russian artist and architect who adapted Suprematist ideas into graphic design, architecture, and exhibition work. He translated Malevich’s abstract forms into influential designs and promoted them internationally.
Constructivism: An artistic movement that treated art as material construction and directed it toward social use. Its practical program diverged from Malevich’s pursuit of art independent of utility.
White on White: Kazimir Malevich’s 1918 painting of a white square tilted against a subtly different white background. It pushes his geometric abstraction toward minimal differences in tone and orientation.
Nonobjective art: Art that does not depict recognizable objects or scenes from the visible world. Malevich argued that painting could express feeling without representing external objects.
Impressionism: A nineteenth-century art movement emphasizing visible effects of light, color, and transient perception. Malevich’s early paintings drew on its painterly approach before his later formal experiments.
Vladimir Tatlin: A Russian artist and architect who founded Constructivism and emphasized material construction and social purpose. His Constructivism offered a materialist alternative to Malevich’s spiritual, nonobjective art.
Bauhaus: A German school of art, architecture, and design that united fine art with craft and industrial production. Malevich’s work circulated there and contributed to European debates about abstraction and design.

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