Kedah Sultanate

The Kedah Sultanate is the hereditary monarchy of the Malaysian state of Kedah, traditionally traced to a kingdom founded in the eighth century.

Kedah Annals: A Malay court chronicle recounting the legendary and historical past of Kedah. Its account supplies a foundational narrative of Kedah’s rulers and conversion.
Sultan of Kedah: The hereditary monarch who serves as head of state in Kedah, Malaysia. This office embodies the sultanate’s continuing hereditary rule.
Abdul Hamid Halim of Kedah: Sultan of Kedah from 1881 to 1943, during British influence and the Japanese occupation. His long reign spanned major transformations of the sultanate’s political circumstances.
Anglo-Siamese Treaty of 1909: An agreement transferring Siam’s authority over several Malay states, including Kedah, to Britain. It brought Kedah into the British sphere and changed the sultanate’s external status.
Perlis royal family: The hereditary ruling house of Perlis, Malaysia’s smallest state. Perlis became a separate monarchy after its territory was formerly linked to Kedah.
Langkasuka: An early Southeast Asian kingdom associated with the Malay Peninsula’s northern east coast. Its history is sometimes connected to early political traditions in the region around Kedah.
Succession to the Kedah throne: The rules and practices governing inheritance of the Kedah sultanate. Succession determines how hereditary authority passes within the ruling house.
Badlishah of Kedah: Sultan of Kedah from 1943 to 1958 and father of Sultan Abdul Halim. His reign carried the monarchy through wartime occupation and Malaya’s independence.
Siamese invasion of Kedah: The Siamese conquest of Kedah in 1821, followed by years of occupation and resistance. It displaced the sultan and tested the dynasty’s survival.
Perak Sultanate: A Malay hereditary monarchy ruling the state of Perak in Malaysia. Its neighboring dynastic history offers a comparison with Kedah’s royal institution.

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