Kediri Kingdom

The Kediri Kingdom was a Hindu-Buddhist state in East Java that flourished from the 11th to the 13th century, known for court literature and regional power.

Airlangga: An East Javanese ruler who united much of Java in the early 11th century and divided his realm before his death. His partition of the kingdom created the political setting from which Kediri emerged.
Jayabaya: A 12th-century king of Kediri remembered in Javanese tradition for prophecies and a prosperous reign. His reign became the kingdom’s best-known political and legendary period.
Brantas River: The longest river in East Java, flowing through a fertile basin and toward the Java Sea. Its basin supported Kediri’s agricultural and political center.
Smaradahana: An Old Javanese poem by Mpu Dharmaja about the god Kama and the origin of the name Dahana. The poem celebrates Kediri’s capital and offers evidence of courtly life.
Kingdom of Kahuripan: An East Javanese kingdom established by Airlangga in the 11th century. Kediri was one of the successor states formed from Kahuripan.
Kamesvara: A 12th-century king of Kediri associated with the court poem Smaradahana. His court exemplifies the literary culture linked to Kediri’s royal patronage.
Old Javanese: The historical literary language used in Java from roughly the ninth through fifteenth centuries. Kediri’s court poems were composed in this language.
Kakawin Bharatayuddha: An Old Javanese epic poem describing the climactic war in the Mahabharata tradition. Its Kediri-era composition became a durable landmark of Javanese literature.
Janggala: An East Javanese kingdom created alongside Panjalu after Airlangga divided his realm. Janggala was Kediri’s neighboring successor state and rival.
Kertajaya: The last ruler of Kediri, defeated by Ken Arok in 1222. His defeat marks the kingdom’s loss of sovereignty.

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