Khafre

Khafre was an ancient Egyptian king of the Fourth Dynasty, ruling during the Old Kingdom. He built the second-largest pyramid at Giza and is traditionally associated with the Great Sphinx.

Fourth Dynasty of Egypt: The Egyptian royal dynasty that ruled during much of the Old Kingdom’s pyramid-building era. Khafre ruled during this dynasty’s monumental building program.
Pyramid of Khafre: The second-largest pyramid at Giza, built for the Fourth Dynasty king Khafre. It is the principal monument associated with Khafre’s burial and royal legacy.
Khufu: A Fourth Dynasty Egyptian king who built the Great Pyramid at Giza. Khufu’s reign preceded Khafre’s and established the monumental setting he continued.
Egyptian pyramid construction: The engineering and labor practices used to build pyramids in ancient Egypt. Khafre’s pyramid remains a major example in debates about Old Kingdom construction.
Giza pyramid complex: A group of royal pyramids, temples, causeways, and tombs on the Giza plateau. Khafre’s pyramid and associated monuments form a major part of this complex.
Great Sphinx of Giza: A monumental limestone statue at Giza with a lion’s body and a human head. The Sphinx stands beside Khafre’s complex and is traditionally linked to his reign.
Djedefre: A Fourth Dynasty Egyptian king who succeeded Khufu and built a pyramid at Abu Rawash. His intervening reign helps place Khafre within the dynasty’s succession.
Pyramidion: The pyramidal capstone placed at the apex of an Egyptian pyramid or obelisk. The missing summit element shaped the pyramid’s intended finished appearance.
Old Kingdom of Egypt: A period of ancient Egyptian history marked by centralized kingship and large-scale pyramid construction. Khafre’s reign belongs to the Old Kingdom’s pyramid-building peak.
Khafre Valley Temple: A granite-and-limestone temple at Giza associated with Khafre’s pyramid complex. Its construction and layout reveal how Khafre’s funerary complex functioned.

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