Ki no Tsurayuki

Ki no Tsurayuki was a Heian-period Japanese poet and courtier who helped compile the Kokin Wakashū and wrote the Tosa Nikki, a landmark vernacular diary.

Heian period: A period of Japanese history from 794 to 1185, marked by the imperial court at Heian-kyō. Tsurayuki’s career unfolded within the court culture that shaped his literary work.
Kokin Wakashū: An imperial Japanese poetry anthology compiled around 905, containing 1,111 poems. Tsurayuki was one of its four compilers and wrote its influential preface in Japanese.
Ki no Tomonori: A Heian-period Japanese waka poet and one of the compilers of the Kokin Wakashū. Tsurayuki compiled the anthology alongside this fellow poet and relative.
Kambun: A Japanese literary style that uses classical Chinese writing with conventions for Japanese reading. Tsurayuki's vernacular diary challenged the prestige of this male courtly writing style.
Waka: A Japanese poetic tradition, especially the 31-syllable form known as tanka. This was the poetic form Tsurayuki wrote and helped establish as a courtly art.
Tosa Nikki: A Japanese vernacular diary traditionally attributed to Ki no Tsurayuki, describing a sea journey from Tosa to the capital. This work demonstrates his invention of a literary voice for travel and private feeling.
Ōshikōchi no Mitsune: A Heian-period Japanese poet who helped compile the Kokin Wakashū. His collaboration with Tsurayuki helped shape the anthology's selection.
Mana preface: The Chinese-language preface to the Kokin Wakashū, attributed to Ki no Yoshimochi. It offers a Chinese literary framing alongside Tsurayuki's Japanese-language preface.
Classical Japanese: The historical form of Japanese used in literary works from the Heian period through the early modern era. Tsurayuki’s Japanese prose and poetry helped shape its literary conventions.
Kana preface: The Japanese-language preface to the Kokin Wakashū, traditionally attributed to Ki no Tsurayuki. It sets out a theory of poetry through nature, emotion, and the human heart.

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