King George's War

King George's War was the North American theater of the War of the Austrian Succession, fought from 1744 to 1748 chiefly between British and French colonies and their Indigenous allies.

Siege of Louisbourg: A 1745 British colonial expedition that captured the French fortress of Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island. The war’s most consequential British colonial victory came at this French stronghold.
War of the Austrian Succession: A European war from 1740 to 1748 over the Habsburg succession and the balance of power. King George’s War was its North American theater.
War of Jenkins' Ear: A British-Spanish conflict that began in 1739 and became part of the wider War of the Austrian Succession. Its unresolved hostilities helped connect Britain’s colonial fighting to the European war.
New England Confederation: A military alliance of the New England colonies formed in 1643 and dissolved in 1684. The coordinated 1745 expedition against Louisbourg revived intercolonial cooperation on a much larger scale.
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle: The 1748 treaty that ended the War of the Austrian Succession and restored most conquests to their prewar owners. Its return of Louisbourg to France erased Britain’s chief territorial gain in North America.
New France: The French colonial territory in North America, centered on the St. Lawrence River and extending into the interior. Its settlements and strategic routes formed the principal French targets and staging grounds.
Acadian-Catholic resistance: Resistance by French-speaking Catholic Acadians to British rule in Nova Scotia after 1713. British suspicion of Acadian loyalty shaped wartime security policies and local conflict.
William Shirley: The governor of Massachusetts from 1741 to 1757 and a leading organizer of the Louisbourg expedition. His campaign demonstrated how colonial governors could plan major operations with limited British support.
Siege of Annapolis Royal: A series of French and Indigenous attacks on the British-held settlement of Annapolis Royal in Nova Scotia during the war. The repeated assaults tested British control of mainland Nova Scotia after Acadia’s conquest.
Thirteen Colonies: The British colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America that later formed the United States. Their governments and militias supplied much of Britain’s colonial war effort.

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