King Philip's War

A war fought in New England from 1675 to 1676 between Native American forces led by Metacom and English colonists and their Indigenous allies. It devastated Native communities and colonial settlements.

Metacom: A Wampanoag leader, also known as King Philip, who led resistance against English expansion in New England. His leadership united forces that challenged colonial authority across the region.
Wampanoag: An Indigenous people of southeastern New England with communities including the Pokanoket. Metacom's resistance grew from threats to Wampanoag autonomy and territory.
Weetamoo: A Pocasset leader and political figure who allied with Metacom during the war. Her leadership shows the role of Native women in diplomacy and resistance.
Great Swamp Massacre: A colonial assault on a Narragansett fortified village in December 1675, also called the Great Swamp Fight. The attack caused severe Narragansett losses and helped make the war more destructive.
Pokanoket: A Wampanoag community centered near present-day Bristol, Rhode Island. Metacom's community faced mounting English land claims and political pressure before war began.
Plymouth Colony: An English colony established in 1620 on the coast of present-day Massachusetts. Its expanding settlements and authority brought English colonists into conflict with Wampanoag communities.
Awashonks: A female sachem of the Sakonnet people in present-day Rhode Island. Her shifting alliances illustrate the difficult choices Native leaders faced as war spread.
Slavery in New England: The enslavement of Indigenous and African people in the English colonies of New England. Colonial authorities sold many Native captives into slavery after the conflict.
Sassamon affair: The 1675 killing of John Sassamon, a Christian Indigenous interpreter, followed by the execution of three Wampanoag men. The executions intensified tensions and helped trigger open conflict.
Massasoit: A Wampanoag leader who maintained an alliance with Plymouth Colony for much of his life. The accommodation he negotiated did not prevent later colonial encroachment under his successors.

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