Kingdom of Greece

The Kingdom of Greece was a constitutional monarchy established in 1832. It governed Greece until its abolition in 1973, interrupted by a republic from 1924 to 1935.

Greek War of Independence: An uprising against Ottoman rule that led to the creation of an independent Greek state. The struggle for independence created the state that became the kingdom.
Greek Constitution of 1844: The constitution that established a representative assembly and limited the authority of King Otto. It followed a revolt demanding constitutional government and constrained royal power.
George I of Greece: King of Greece from 1863 to 1913, whose reign included territorial expansion and constitutional development. His long reign began a new royal dynasty and strengthened parliamentary government.
Megali Idea: A Greek nationalist project seeking to unite Greek-populated territories with the Greek state. It informed expansionist policies pursued by governments under the monarchy.
London Conference of 1832: A diplomatic conference that established Greece as an independent kingdom and selected its first king. Its settlement defined the new kingdom and its monarchy.
Greek Constitution of 1864: The constitution that established a democratic parliamentary system under King George I. It recast the monarchy after Otto’s overthrow and introduced broader political participation.
Constantine I of Greece: King of Greece during the First World War and the National Schism, with reigns from 1913 to 1917 and 1920 to 1922. His clashes with Venizelos helped precipitate the monarchy’s first abolition.
Balkan Wars: Two wars in 1912–1913 that greatly expanded Greece’s territory and population. The kingdom’s victories transformed its borders during George I’s reign.
Otto of Greece: The Bavarian prince who became Greece’s first king, ruling from 1832 until his overthrow in 1862. His reign launched the monarchy and exposed early tensions over foreign rule.
Greek Parliament: Greece’s national legislature, which debates and passes laws and oversees the government. Its authority repeatedly competed with royal influence over cabinets and policy.

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