Knesset

The Knesset is Israel’s unicameral national legislature. It makes laws, approves governments, and oversees the executive.

Israeli electoral system: Israel elects the Knesset through nationwide proportional representation using party lists. Party-list proportional representation determines how votes translate into Knesset seats.
Israeli Declaration of Independence: The 1948 proclamation that established the State of Israel and set out its founding principles. It announced elections for a constituent assembly that became the Knesset.
David Ben-Gurion: The Zionist leader who became Israel’s first prime minister and led its government during the state’s early years. As prime minister, he established early conventions in the Knesset-government relationship.
Bicameralism: A legislative arrangement in which a national parliament has two separate chambers. The Knesset has one chamber, unlike bicameral legislatures.
Israeli judicial reform: A set of proposed and enacted changes concerning Israel’s judiciary, judicial review, and the balance among government branches. Knesset legislation and debate have made the reform a major constitutional conflict.
Basic Laws of Israel: Basic Laws are Israel’s constitutional framework, enacted by the Knesset through ordinary legislative procedures. They define the legislature’s powers and constrain government institutions.
Provisional State Council: The body that served as Israel’s temporary legislature between the state’s establishment in 1948 and the first Knesset’s convening. It legislated during the transition to Israel’s elected parliament.
Chaim Weizmann: A Zionist leader and scientist who served as Israel’s first president from 1949 to 1952. As president, he formally opened the first Knesset and helped inaugurate the new legislature.
Westminster system: A parliamentary system originating in the United Kingdom, typically organized around government accountability to an elected lower house. Israel shares parliamentary government but lacks several Westminster features, including a territorial upper chamber.
Israeli settlement policy: Israeli government policies concerning the establishment and expansion of settlements in territories captured in 1967. Knesset laws and budgets have influenced the legal and political framework around settlements.

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