Korea

Korea is a peninsula in East Asia whose modern political division separates North Korea and South Korea, established in 1948.

Three Kingdoms of Korea: The ancient Korean kingdoms of Goguryeo, Baekje, and Silla, which competed for control of the peninsula. Their rival states laid foundations for early Korean political and cultural traditions.
38th parallel north: The latitude line used in 1945 to divide American and Soviet occupation zones in Korea. It became the initial boundary between the two occupation zones.
Kim Il Sung: A North Korean leader who ruled the country from its founding in 1948 until his death in 1994. He led the northern state through its founding and the Korean War.
North Korea: A sovereign state occupying the northern part of the Korean Peninsula, officially the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea. It is one of the two states created from Korea’s postwar division.
Goryeo: A Korean dynasty that ruled much of the peninsula from 918 to 1392. Its name is the source of the English name Korea.
United States Army Military Government in Korea: The American military administration that governed southern Korea from 1945 to 1948. Its administration shaped the southern zone before the Republic of Korea was established.
Syngman Rhee: The first president of South Korea, serving from 1948 to 1960. He led the southern state during its founding and the Korean War.
South Korea: A sovereign state occupying the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, officially the Republic of Korea. It is the other state created from Korea’s postwar division.
Joseon: A Korean dynasty that ruled from 1392 to 1897 and shaped peninsula-wide institutions and culture. Its long rule established traditions inherited by modern Korea.
Soviet Civil Administration: The Soviet occupation administration that governed northern Korea after Japan’s surrender in 1945. It helped establish a separate northern political system.

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