Korean Provisional Government

The Korean Provisional Government was an exile government founded in Shanghai in 1919 to represent Korea and pursue independence from Japanese rule. It coordinated diplomatic, political, and armed resistance until liberation in 1945.

Provisional Constitution of the Republic of Korea: A constitutional document that established the principles and institutions of Korea’s provisional republic. It defined the government’s republican identity and provided a framework for its evolving institutions.
March First Movement: A nationwide Korean protest movement against Japanese colonial rule that began on March 1, 1919. The movement intensified calls for a national government and helped spur its formation.
Republic of Korea: The state established in southern Korea in 1948, commonly known as South Korea. Its constitution claims continuity with the provisional republic founded in 1919.
Korean Empire: A Korean monarchy that existed from 1897 until Japan’s annexation of Korea in 1910. The provisional government replaced the imperial claim with a republican vision of Korean sovereignty.
Korean Liberation Army: An armed force established by the Korean Provisional Government in 1940 to fight Japan alongside Allied forces. It was the government’s formal military arm during the later years of its exile.
Japanese rule in Korea: The period when Japan controlled Korea, formally from 1910 to 1945. The government’s founding and purpose were responses to this colonial rule.
Democratic People's Republic of Korea: The state established in northern Korea in 1948, commonly known as North Korea. Its competing account of Korean revolutionary legitimacy contrasts with the South’s constitutional lineage claim.
Korean National Revolutionary Party: A left-leaning Korean independence organization formed in China in 1935. Its rival political program challenged the provisional government’s ability to unite independence factions.
Korean Patriotic Organization: A network organized by Kim Gu that planned acts of resistance against Japanese rule in the 1930s. Its operations, including the 1932 Shanghai attacks, gave the government a means of direct action.
Korean Declaration of Independence: A declaration issued by Korean activists on March 1, 1919, asserting Korea’s independence from Japan. It articulated the independence claim that the provisional government sought to represent internationally.

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