Labor rights

Labor rights are legal and human rights that protect workers, including rights to fair conditions, equal treatment, collective organization, and protection from exploitation.

International Labour Organization: A United Nations agency that sets international labor standards and promotes social justice and decent work. It develops conventions and guidance that shape labor protections across countries.
Labor law: The body of law governing employment relationships, working conditions, and workers’ collective rights. It translates labor-rights principles into enforceable rules.
Equal pay for equal work: The principle that workers should receive equal remuneration for work of equal value without discrimination. It addresses unequal compensation, including discrimination based on sex.
Industrial Revolution: The transition to mechanized production and factory-based economies that began in Britain in the eighteenth century. Factory conditions and worker organizing made labor protections a major public issue.
At-will employment: An employment arrangement in which either party may generally end the relationship without cause, subject to legal exceptions. It contrasts broad employer termination discretion with protections against unjust dismissal.
Decent work: Work that provides fair income, security, rights, social protection, and opportunities for participation and development. The ILO framework gathers many labor-rights goals into one standard.
Minimum wage: The lowest legally permitted wage an employer may pay covered workers. It establishes a wage floor against exploitative pay.
Workplace discrimination: Unequal treatment in employment because of a protected characteristic or status. Anti-discrimination protections secure equal access and treatment at work.
Haymarket affair: An 1886 labor protest and bombing in Chicago followed by trials and executions that shaped the international labor movement. Its association with the eight-hour-day campaign helped establish May Day observances.
Employment contract: An agreement that establishes terms governing an employment relationship. Contract terms can supplement statutory rights but cannot always waive them.

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