Knowra Lal Bahadur Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri Lal Bahadur Shastri was India’s prime minister from 1964 until his death in 1966. He led the country during the 1965 war with Pakistan and promoted the slogan “Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan.”
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 : A war between India and Pakistan fought from August to September 1965, principally over Kashmir. Shastri directed India’s government during this conflict and authorized military action across the international border.
Indian Armed Forces : The military forces of India, comprising the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Shastri’s government directed these forces during the 1965 war.
Indian independence movement : The political struggle that ended British rule in India in 1947. Shastri joined this movement as a young activist and built his political career within it.
1962 Sino-Indian War : A border war between India and China fought in October and November 1962. The defeat preceded Shastri’s premiership and shaped the military concerns his government inherited.
Tashkent Agreement : A 1966 agreement in which India and Pakistan pledged to withdraw forces and restore relations after the 1965 war. Shastri signed this postwar settlement hours before his death in Tashkent.
Kashmir conflict : The enduring territorial and political dispute involving India and Pakistan over Kashmir. The conflict formed the central background to the 1965 war fought under Shastri.
Non-cooperation movement : A mass campaign launched by Mahatma Gandhi in 1920 urging Indians to withdraw cooperation from British rule. Shastri left school to participate in the movement against colonial rule.
Nehruvian socialism : A development approach combining parliamentary democracy, public-sector planning, and a mixed economy, associated with Nehru’s governments. Shastri followed Nehru but placed greater public emphasis on food production and agricultural self-reliance.
Jai Jawan Jai Kisan : A Hindi slogan meaning “Hail the soldier, hail the farmer,” popularized by Shastri in 1965. The slogan joined wartime morale to his call for greater agricultural production.
United Nations Security Council : The United Nations body responsible for maintaining international peace and security, with authority to adopt binding resolutions. Its calls for a ceasefire helped bring the 1965 India-Pakistan fighting to an end.
Show all 21